Stereological Characterization of Dry Alpine Snow for Microwave Remote Sensing

نویسندگان

  • Robert E. Davis
  • Jeff Dozier
چکیده

A persistent problem in investigations of electromagnetic properties ofsnow, from reflectance at visible wavelengths to emission and backscattering in the microwave, has been the proper characterization of the snow’s physical properties. We suggest that the granular and laminar structure of snow can be measured in its aggregated state by stereology performed on sections prepared from snow specimens, and that these kinds of measurements can be incorporated into models of the electromagnetic properties. With careful sampling, anisotropy in the snow microstructure at various scales can be quantified. We show how stereological parameters can be averaged over orientation and optical depth for radiative transfer modeling.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Mapping Snow Cover in Alpine Areas with Envisat/sar Images

RESUME It has been established that optical and near-infrared sensors can monitor the seasonal variations of snow cover in alpine areas in cloud free conditions. However, only microwave sensors are able to acquire data independently of day light and in adverse weather conditions. The effects of dry snow on currently available C-band SAR data are rather small and difficult to detect. On the cont...

متن کامل

Simulation of the microwave emission of multi-layered snowpacks using the Dense Media Radiative transfer theory: the DMRT-ML model

DMRT-ML is a physically based numerical model designed to compute the thermal microwave emission of a given snowpack. Its main application is the simulation of brightness temperatures at frequencies in the range 1–200 GHz similar to those acquired routinely by spacebased microwave radiometers. The model is based on the Dense Media Radiative Transfer (DMRT) theory for the computation of the snow...

متن کامل

Study of the snowmelt effects on surface and ground water in the Bahar basin using remote sensing data

According to recent Studies, about 60 percent of surface waters and 57 Percent ground waters are located in snowy zones in Iran. In most areas of northern hemisphere and alpine environment areas, snow melt lead to the maximum instantaneous flow rate and is an important part of annual discharge. The present study investigated the effect of snowmelt on the surface waters and ground waters in B...

متن کامل

Remote sensing of snow with passive microwave radiometers

This report considers passive microwave radiometry and its application for satellite remote sensing of snow at a global scale. The microwaves observed from a dry snow pack are emitted from the ground beneath the snow. The bulk effect of the snow cover on the micro‐ waves is that the measured brightness temperature will decrease. This depends on the mass of the snow (snow water equivalent – SWE)...

متن کامل

Remote Sensing Based Retrieval of Snow Cover Properties Case Study (Shirkooh Mountain Yazd, Iran)

Snow cover area is one of the most important criteria to calculate snow melt runoff. This can have an effect on the biology of the plant and the environment of a region. Using the catchment basin physical characteristic to calculate snow cover area is a conventional method, though its accuracy is not good enough. Most of the useful methods in calculating snow cover area are based on satellite i...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2004